Compare Article Revisions

Original Article

Article 1. (The Status of the Emperor and Popular Sovereignty)

The Emperor shall be the symbol of the State and of the unity of the people, deriving his position from the will of the people with whom resides sovereign power.

Revised Articles

AICHI Kazuo (2004)

Article 1. (The Status of the Emperor and Popular Sovereignty)
The Emperor shall be the symbol of the State and of the unity of the people, deriving his position from the will of the people with whom resides sovereign power is the head of state of Japan.
(2) The Emperor is the representative of Japan and the Japanese people to the outside world, as well as the symbol of Japanese tradition, culture, and unity of the people.

Atarashii Kenpō o Tsukuru Kokumin Kaigi (2003)

Article 1. (The Status of the Emperor and Popular Sovereignty)
The Emperor shall be the symbol of the State and of the unity of the people, deriving his position from the will of the people with whom resides sovereign power is the head of state of Japan.
(2) The Emperor is the representative of Japan and the Japanese people to the outside world, as well as the symbol of Japanese tradition, culture, and unity of the people.

Atarashii Kenpō o Tsukuru Kokumin Kaigi (2012)

Article 1. (The Status of the Emperor and Popular Sovereignty)
The Emperor shall be the symbol of the State and of the unity of the people, deriving his position from the will of the people with whom resides sovereign power is the head of state of Japan.
(2) The Emperor is the representative of Japan and the Japanese people to the outside world, as well as the symbol of Japanese tradition, culture, and unity of the people.

BLOGOS × Genron (2012)

Article 1.
The Emperor shall be the symbol of the State is the symbolic head of state of Japan and the symbol of the unity of the people its tradition and culture, deriving his position from the will of the people with whom resides sovereign power.
(2) The Emperor shall be the heir to the tradition and culture of Japan and perform ceremonies for its past, current and future people.
Article 2.
The status of the Emperor shall be based on the collective will of the sovereign people of Japan.

EGUCHI Katsuhiko (2012)

Article 1. (The Status of the Emperor and Popular Sovereignty The Locus of Sovereignty)
The Emperor shall be the symbol of the State and of the unity of the people, deriving his position from the will of the people with whom resides sovereign power The sovereignty of Japan resides with the people.
(2) The people shall bear the right and the obligation to protect the independence and the sovereignty of Japan.
Article 39. (The Status of the Emperor and Popular Sovereignty)
The Emperor shall be the symbol of the State and of the unity of the people the head of State of Japan and the symbol of the immanence of Japan; deriving his position from the will of the people with whom resides sovereign power furthermore, the Emperor shall represent Japan as the symbol of the unity of its people and its State.

HATOAYAMA Yukio (Full Draft) (2005)

Article 1. (The Status of the Emperor and Popular Sovereignty and the National Polity)
The Emperor shall be the symbol of the State and of the unity of the people, deriving his position from the will of the people with whom resides sovereign power The sovereign power of Japan resides with the people of Japan.
(2) Japan is a democratic country with the Emperor as the head of State and a symbol of the unity of the people.
(3) The conditions necessary for being a Japanese national shall be determined by law.

ISHIHARA Shintarō (1993)

Article 1.
The Emperor shall be the symbol of the State head of State, and the symbol of Japan (and its permanence) and of the unity of the people, deriving his position from the will of the people with whom resides sovereign power.
Another Proposal
The Emperor shall be the symbol of the State and of the unity of the people, and of the harmony and cooperation among the people. [The emperor] shall be the national representative of Japan.

Jiyū-Minshutō: Liberal Democratic Party (Aug. 1, 2005)

Article 1. (The Status of the Emperor and Popular Sovereignty The Emperor)
The Emperor shall be the symbol of the State and of the unity of the people, deriving his position from the will of the people with whom resides sovereign power.

Jiyū-Minshutō: Liberal Democratic Party (Oct. 12, 2005)

Article 1. (The Status of the Emperor and Popular Sovereignty The Emperor)
The Emperor shall be the symbol of the State and of the unity of the people, deriving his position from the will of the people with whom resides sovereign power.

Jiyū-Minshutō: Liberal Democratic Party (2012)

Article 1. (The Status of the Emperor and Popular Sovereignty The Emperor)
The Emperor shall be the symbol is the head of the State and shall be the symbol of the State and of the unity of the people, deriving his position from the will of the people with whom resides sovereign power.

KIMURA Mutsuo (1996)

Article 1. (The Status of the Emperor and Popular Sovereignty)
In accordance with Japan’s history and traditions, the Emperor shall be the symbol of the State and of the unity of the people dynastic head of state and representative of Japan, deriving his position from the will of the people with whom resides sovereign power.
Article 2. (The Sovereignty of the People)
The Imperial Throne shall be the symbol of the unity of the people, based on the will of the people with whom resides sovereign power.

Kokutai Sōzō (2002)

Article 1. (The Status of the Emperor and Popular Sovereignty The Emperor)
The Emperor shall be the symbol of the State and of the unity of the people, deriving his position from the will of the people with whom resides sovereign power rules Japan as its sovereign and its highest authority.
Article 2. (The Imperial Throne)
The position of the Emperor is from a line unbroken for ages eternal since the antiquity of Japan’s founding and for infinity, as symbolized by the Three Sacred Treasures of the Imperial regalia.The Crown Prince shall be a male of the first degree of kinship. Subsequent titles shall proceed in the order of relations.

NAKASONE Yasuhiro (1955)

The Emperor
The Emperor shall be the the symbol of the State and of the unity of the people head of State, deriving his position from the will of the people with whom resides sovereign power, and the national representative of Japan.

NAKASONE Yasuhiro (1961)

Article 1.  Article 2. (The Status of the Emperor and Popular Sovereignty)
The Emperor shall be the the symbol of the State and of the unity of the people head of State and the national representative of Japan, deriving his position from the will of the people with whom resides sovereign power.

Nakasone Yasuhiro Peace Institute

Article 1. (The Status of the Emperor and Popular Sovereignty)
The Emperor shall be the symbol of the State is the head of state of Japan, whose sovereignty resides with its people, and is the symbol of the unity of the Japanese people, deriving his position from the will of the people with whom resides sovereign power.

Nippon Kōshintō (2001)

Article 1. (The Status of the Emperor and Popular Sovereignty)
The Emperor shall be the symbol of the State and of the unity of the people, as well as the head of state representing Japan and the people of Japan; deriving his position this position shall derive from the will of the people with whom resides sovereign power, and no person may violate its honor and dignity.

Nippon no Kokoro: Party for Japanese Kokoro (2017)

Article 1. (The Status of the Emperor and Popular Sovereignty The Symbols of Japan)
The Emperor shall be the symbol of the State and of the unity of the people, deriving his position from the will of the people with whom resides sovereign power Japan shall be a constitutional monarchy with the Emperor as the symbol of the unity of the State and the people.
Article 2. (The Sovereignty of the People)
Sovereignty shall reside in the people. The people shall wield their sovereignty through their representatives as provided for by this Constitution.
Article 10. (Status of the Emperor)
The Emperor is the head of state of Japan and the constant companion of the people.

Nippon Seinen Kaigisho: Junior Chamber International Japan (JCIJ) (2012)

Article 1. (The Status of the Emperor and Popular Sovereignty)
The Emperor shall be the symbol of the State is Japan’s head of state, the symbol of the unity of the Japanese people, deriving his position from the will of the people with whom resides sovereign power and this status shall last in perpetuity.

NISHI Osamu (1994)

Article 1.
The sovereignty of the state resides in the people. The Emperor shall be the symbol of the State and of the unity of the people symbolic head of State, deriving his position from the will wishes of the people.

PHP Sōgō Kenkyūjo: PHP Institute (2004)

Article 1. (The Status of the Emperor and Popular Sovereignty The Locus of Sovereignty)
The sovereignty of Japan resides in its people.
(2) The Japanese people have the right and the obligation to protect the independence and sovereignty of Japan.
Article 37. (Status of the Emperor and Popular Sovereignty)
The Emperor shall be the symbol of the State and of the unity of the people represent Japan as the head of the State; deriving his position from the will of the people with whom resides sovereign power they shall express the permanence of Japan and be the symbol of the unity of the people and the State.

Sankei Shimbun (Partial Draft) (2014)

Article 1. (The Status of the Emperor and Popular Sovereignty National Character)
The Emperor shall be the symbol of the State and of the unity of the people, deriving his position from the will of the people with whom resides sovereign power. The Nation of Japan is a constitutional monarchy in which the Emperor shall be the symbol of permanence of the State and of the unity of the People.
Article 2. (Head of State)
The Emperor shall be the Head of State and represent Japan.

SANPEI Seiji (2013)

Article 1. Article 24.
The Emperor shall be the symbol of the State and of the unity of the people, deriving his position from the will of the people with whom resides sovereign power via appointment by the people who possess sovereign power.

Sōken Kaigi (2006)

Article 1. (The Status of the Emperor The Symbolic Emperor System and Popular Sovereignty, the Sovereignty of the People)
The Emperor shall be the symbol of the State is Japan’s head of state and the symbol of the unity of the Japanese people, deriving his position from the will of the people with whom resides sovereign power.
(2) Sovereignty belongs to the people, and all the powers of the State derive from the people. The people shall wield their sovereignty through their representatives and as by any other means as provided for by this Constitution.

YAMASAKI Taku (2001)

Article 1.
Japan’s sovereign power resides with the people. The Emperor shall be the symbol of the State and of the unity of the people, deriving his position from the will of the people with whom resides sovereign power.

Yomiuri Shimbun (2004)

Article 1. (The Status of the Emperor and Popular Sovereignty Sovereignty of the People)
The Emperor shall be the symbol of the State and of the unity of the people, deriving his position from the will of the people with whom resides sovereign power. Sovereignty resides with the people.
Article 5. (Status of the Emperor)
The Emperor shall be the symbol of the State and of the unity of the people, deriving their position from the will of the people.